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shaped frequency response

speaker frequency response

frequency response analyzer

audio system measurements

transient response

steady-state response

Frequency response is the measure of any system's spectrum response at the output to a signal of varying frequency (but constant amplitude) at its input. In the audible range it usually referred to in connection with electronic amplifiers, microphones and loudspeakers. Radio spectrum frequency response can refer to measurements of coaxial cables, category cables, video switchers and wireless communications devices. Subsonic frequency response measurements can include earthquakes and electroencephalography (brain waves).

Frequency response of a low pass filter with 6 dB per octave or 20 dB per decade

The frequency response is typically characterized by the magnitude of the system's response, measured in dB, and the phase, measured in radians, versus frequency. The frequency response of a system can be measured by:

applying an impulse to the system and measuring its response (see impulse response)

sweeping a constant-amplitude pure tone through the bandwidth of interest and measuring the output level and phase shift relative to the input

applying a signal with a wide frequency spectrum (e.g., maximum length sequence, white noise, or pink noise), and calculating the impulse response by deconvolution of this input signal and the output signal of the system.

simply measuring the output of a system where an input signal isn't practical.

These typical response measurements can be plotted in two ways: by plotting the magnitude and phase measurements to obtain a Bode plot or by plotting the imaginary part of the frequency response against the real part of the frequency response to obtain a Nyquist plot.

Once a frequency response has been measured (e.g., as an impulse response), providing the system is linear and time-invariant, its characteristic can be approximated with arbitrary accuracy by a digital filter. Similarly, if a system is demonstrated to have a poor frequency response, a digital or analog filter can be applied to the signals prior to their reproduction to compensate for these deficiencies.

Frequency response measurements can be used directly to quantify system performance and design control systems. However, frequency response analysis is not suggested if the system has slow dynamics.

Frequency response curves are often used to indicate the accuracy of amplifiers and speakers for reproducing audio. As an example, a high fidelity amplifier may be said to have a frequency response of 20 Hz - 20,000 Hz ±1 dB. This means that the system amplifies all frequencies within that range within the limits quoted. 'Good frequency response' therefore does not guarantee a specific fidelity, but only indicates that a piece of equipment meets the basic frequency response requirements.

"By measuring gain and phase over a range of frequencies, the full frequency response of the system can be plotted."[1]

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Frequency response - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Subsonic frequency response measurements can include earthquakes and ... Digital Filters with Audio Applications has a nice chapter on Frequency Response ...

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Re: Digital Filter with arbitrary amplitude shape?

... is for sensor calibration. In the instrumentation, each sensor may have its own frequency characteristics. The variation is FIXED for each sensor. it would be nice if ...Hi, I'm not sure if it will help you but you might take a look at the article: "Frequency Response Compensation With DSP" in the "DSP Tips & Tricks" column of the July 2003 IEEE Signal Processing magazine. Good ...

Re: Filtering options for reflected signal with noise

... the differential-mode signal and reject the common mode. A filter will help with the residual noise. Get ahold of a pair of headphones with good low-frequency response and preferably the kind with soft cups to block outside noise. Bring them, a hammer, some long clip leads, and an iron rod to a ...

Re: Digital Filter with arbitrary amplitude shape?

...implementation but one using a continuous frequency amplitude function as the objective function...McClellan program you can maybe specify frequency response in octaves .. or whatever ... it in such a log frequency sense. I'd be a little concerned that the impulse response would be what you want ... which you match the desired response go together. Fred consider also ...

Re: Digital Filter with arbitrary amplitude shape?

... implementation but one using a continuous frequency amplitude function as the objective function ...-McClellan program you can maybe specify frequency response in octaves .. or whatever .. ...do it in such a log frequency sense. I'd be a little concerned that the impulse response would be what you want ...to which you match the desired response go together. Fred consider also the...

Re: Why are mic made with non flat frequency response?

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Re: Tube/Valve Amp Noise

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Re: Tube/Valve Amp Noise

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Re: Tube/Valve Amp Noise

...test measurements on one channel in my ME850 Hi-Cap over a range of power outputs. I'll measure frequency response, THD, IMD and S/N ratio. I'll then replace one of the output devices with an off the..., you'd be wasting all your time doing such an experiment. The F response, THD/IMD and S/N ration and power will remain virtually unchanged providing the...

Re: Tube/Valve Amp Noise

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